Double Displacement

Lead Nitrate, Potassium Iodide, Sodium Hydroxide, Silver Nitrate and Iron Chloride

Josh Mars

Background

A double displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which the ions in two compounds switch to form two new compounds.

An insoluble salt is a compound that will not dissolve in water, and thus will likely be visible in an aqueous solution.

Expected Products

Potassium Nitrate

Soluble
  • Used in Gunpowder.
  • Food preservative.
Wikipedia

Lead Iodide

Insoluble
  • Used to detect high energy photons
  • Previosly used as artist's pigment
Wikipedia

Sodium Chloride

Soluble
  • Used as food preservative
Wikipedia

Iron Hydroxide

Insoluble
  • No clear common uses.
Wikipedia

Silver Chloride

Insoluble
  • No clear common uses.
Wikipedia

Iron Nitrate

Soluble
  • No clear common uses.
Wikipedia

Purpose of Lab

Observe double replacement reactions in which obvious chemical change occurred.

Materials/Stuff

Predictions

Predictions matched results. See equations.

Equations

Lead Nitrate and Potassium Iodide

Molecular •
Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3
Complete Ionic •
Pb2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 2K+(aq) + 2I-(aq) → 2K+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + PbI2 (s)
Net Ionic •
Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq) → PbI2 (s)

Sodium Hydroxide and Iron Chloride

Molecular •
3NaOH + FeCl3 → NaCl3 + Fe(OH)3
Complete Ionic •
3Na+(aq) + 3OH-(aq) + Fe3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) → 3Na+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) + Fe(OH)3 (s)
Net Ionic •
3OH-(aq) + Fe3+(aq) → Fe(OH)3 (s)

Silver Nitrate and Iron Chloride

Molecular •
3AgNO3 + FeCl3 → 3AgCl + Fe(NO3)2
Complete Ionic •
3Ag+(aq) + 3NO3-(aq) + Fe3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) → Fe3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) + 3AgCl(s)
Net Ionic •
3Ag+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) → 3AgCl(s)

Procedure

After goggles donned, a drop from both solutions was dropped onto a clean, black circle on the laminate page, in the following order; Lead Nitrate and Potassium Iodide, Sodium Hydroxide and Iron Chloride, and finally, Silver Nitrate and Iron Chloride. Observations were recorded about the combined drops. The droppers that were used were then returned and the laminate page rinsed and dried.

Simulation

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Data

Data Analysis

All three reactions recorded varying levels of cloudy solution, with either visible clumps or precipates formed. All three reactions resulted in a color change from colorless solutions to a vibrant yellow, a brown-orange, and an opaque white solution, indicating chemical change.

Conclusion

Visible chemical change was observed in all three reactions, proving that new compounds were formed, meeting the purpose of the lab.